Incontinence of urine

The most common forms of incontinence of urine are:

• Functional incontinence: involuntary loss of urine in which the person is no longer able to go to the toilet independently due to physical or cognitive limitations. The cause of the urinary incontinence is not genitourinary in nature. The physical and cognitive limitations may be related to, among other things, side effects of medications, disorientation, mental/physical/visual limitations, difficult clothing, long distances to or obstacles in finding the toilet and insufficient assistance with toileting.
• Stress incontinence: involuntary loss of urine due to pressure in and on the abdomen. For example, drops to dashes of urine are lost when laughing, sneezing, coughing, bending over, blowing your nose, lifting heavy weight and moving quickly such as during sports. The rest of the micturition pattern is normal.
• Urge incontinence: involuntary loss of urine after a sudden unbearable urge to urinate. The person often has a (constant) urge to urinate, immediately preceded by a suddenly unbearable urge to urinate. Patients with urge incontinence can sometimes speak of an overactive bladder. An overactive bladder causes a sudden, intense urge to urinate with or without incontinence in the absence of infection or other obvious cause.

 

Bron: Van Houten, P.  in : Bakker T., Habes V., Quist, G., Van der Sande, J., Van de Vrie, W. (2019) Klinisch redeneren bij ouderen. Functiebehoud in levensloopperspectief. Bohn Stafleu van Loghum.